名詞 insurgent:

1. a person who takes part in an armed rebellion against the constituted authority (especially in the hope of improving conditions)
   同義詞：insurrectionist, freedom fighter, rebel
2. a member of an irregular armed force that fights a stronger force by sabotage and harassment
   同義詞：guerrilla, guerilla, irregular

形容詞 insurgent:

1. in opposition to a civil authority or government
   同義詞：seditious, subversive

1. After having pointedly warned Baghdad not to use poison gas or combat aircraft anywhere in Iraq, warnings that had encouraged the rebellion, Mr.Bush pulled up short when Iraq continued to fly combat helicopters against the insurgents.
   經(jīng)過特別警告巴格達(dá)不得在伊拉克任何地方使用毒氣和作戰(zhàn)飛機(jī)(這些警告鼓勵(lì)了少數(shù)民族叛變)以后，當(dāng)伊拉克繼續(xù)用作戰(zhàn)直升機(jī)對(duì)付叛軍時(shí)，布什卻半途而廢未加制止。
2. After a prolonged siege, the town was rendered up to the insurgents.
   經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)時(shí)間包圍之后，這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)已被起義軍攻克。

in.sur.gent

adj.（形容詞）
Rising in revolt against civil authority or a government in power; rebellious.
起義的，造反的：起來(lái)反抗當(dāng)局或當(dāng)權(quán)的政府的；反叛的
n.（名詞）
One that revolts against civil authority.
造反者：反抗國(guó)內(nèi)政權(quán)的人
A member of a political party who rebels against its leadership.
政黨內(nèi)部的反對(duì)派

來(lái)源：
Latin onsurgôns onsurgent- [present participle of] onsurgere [to rise up]
拉丁語(yǔ) onsurgôns onsurgent- [] onsurgere的現(xiàn)在分詞 [起義]
in- [intensive pref.] * see in- 2
in- [加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)意的前綴] *參見 in-2
surgere [to rise] * see surge
surgere [起來(lái)] *參見 surge

【引伸】
insur.gently
adv.（副詞）